Benjamin n



(No Model.)

B. N. HAWES. HYDROOARBON BURNER.

No. 443,763. Patented Dec. 30, 1890.

UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

BENJAMIN N. HAlVES, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO HAWES, MOORMAN & 00., OF SAME PLACE.

HYDROCARBON-BU RN ER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 443,763, dated December 30, 1890. Application filed March 1.2, 1890. Serial N0: 343,677. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN N. HAWES, of Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Burners; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to hydrocarbon-burners; and it has for its object to provide an inexpensive, compact, and effectual vaporizer and burner that shall be adapted to stoves, furnaces, and grates.

The invention consists of the parts and combination of parts hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view of an ordinary cooking-stove provided with one of my improved burners. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a complete burner. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view of the same. spective view of the bottom section.

A designates the bottom section, formed with a pan 13, supported upon legs B, and upright end portions 0, having recesses C formed therein to receive and support the vaporizing chamber and pipes connected therewith. Pan 13 is formed with depending chambers D, perforated circumferentially, as at D, for the purpose of admitting atmospheric air to support combustion, as will be more fully described.

E designates a vaporizing-chamber, comprising a horizontal cylinder closed at each end, preferably by removable caps E, the chamber being divided by a foraminous diaphragm F, forming a chamber G at one end,

Fig. t is a pering chamber, the pipe being perforated, as at J, upon the upper side thereof, centrally of and immediatelybeneath the chamberE, and when in position above and in coincidence with the chambers D of the lower section.

The operation is as follows: The parts being assembled, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, with the pipe I and chamber E resting in recesses G of the lower section, oil is allowed to flow through pipe H by turning cock H, and flows into chamber G, and from thence into chamber E and pipe I, and finding an exit through perforations J, and flows into chambers D, where it is ignited. The operation so far as described is that of preliminarily starting the fire. The products of combustion, encircling the pipe I, soon heat the same sufficiently to vaporize the oil therein, when the supply of oil to chambers D ceases, and combustion takes place at the perforations J as the vapor issues therefrom, when the chamber E is heated sufficiently to vaporize the oil therein, and the supply of oil to pipe I ceases, and the vapor is supplied instead, causing the products of combustion to rise and encircle the chamber G, heating the same and the inclosed'packing of asbestus to a degree to cause the oil as it filters therethrough to become heated to a high degree and issue into the chamber E through the foraminous partition in a condition to be completely vaporized and find an exit through the perforations J in pipe I, where it eommingles with atmospheric air as it issues through the perforations D of chambers D and rises to unite therewith to support combustion. By reason of the oil being retarded in its descent through the asbestus packing, when subjected to intense heat the vaporization is of a character to include the paraffine and tarry matters to a maximum, and any refractory properties of the oil are retained within the chambers G, thereby preventing the formation of coke or carbon within the chamber E, pipe I, or surrounding the perforations J. By reason of the chambers D being directly beneath the perforations J the rarefaction of air at these points of combustion causes an induced draft of atmospheric air through perforations D, which air intimately unites with the gas as it issues through the perforations J and unites therewith in combustion.

In Fig. 2 I have shown in dotted lines a chamber G, supplemental to chamber G, and which when used is filled with a porous packing, preferably fire-clay, or it may be filled with asbestus, through which the oil is caused to pass, thereby tending to further retard the same while being preliminarily heated, and also filtering any sediment that may be incorporated with the oil.

\Vhat I claim is- 1. A hydroearbon-burner consisting of a bottom section provided with depending an- 11nlarly-perforated chambers, a vaporizingretort supported by the said bottom section, and a perforated burner-pipe arranged be tween the retort and the bottom section and communicating with the retort, the perforations in the said burner-pipe registering with the depending chambers of the bottom section, as set forth.

tween the retort and the bottom section and having its perforations registering with the depending chambers of the bottom section, and a supply-pipe leading into the retort directly over the filtering-chamber thereof, substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I hereby aflix my signature in pres- 3 5 ence of two witnesses.

BENJAMIN N. II'AW'ES. Witnesses:

\VILLIAM WnBs'rEi-i, ANNA J. LEnAN-ny. 

